COMPETITION • EUROPEAN AND FRENCH LAW • DIGITAL AGE
Through massive data collection, the structuring of information, the importance of network and convergence effects, the digital giants have an often incontrovertible, even monopolistic position, conducive to the implementation of abusive foreclosure strategies. The GAFAMs control the market access of a large number of companies (which, for example, use Google to promote their online services or integrate Amazon for the development of their activities on the net, etc.) and for access to their services, their role as “gate keepers” makes it possible for them to impose unfair or discriminatory trading conditions, unjustified denials or restrictions of access, to implement tied selling, closed ecosystems that render consumers captive, or strategies to ensure insufficient interoperability and/or incompatibility with competing products or services.
